Schaub played college football at the University of Virginia. In 2002, he was named the ACC Player of the Year and the Offensive Player of the Year.
He was selected in the third round of the NFL Draft by the Falcons. In 2007, he was traded to the Texans.
In 2009, Schaub was named to his first Pro Bowl and became the Pro Bowl MVP and also led the NFL in passing yards that same year.